The showy pink flower clusters that top the upright stems of Asclepias incarnata, Swamp Milkweed, attract Monarch butterflies, bees, and other pollinator species to their blooms.

Native wildflowers are the Best Butterfly Bargain...EVER

You want butterfly beauty floating on fragile wings through your garden?  You can plant (*safe*) nectar plants for the adults, but the butterfly larvae need native plants to eat.  (Yes, the caterpillars will eat some leaves, but they will grow back after a short time.)  It is a small price to pay, after all, watching butterflies is priceless.

Two Monarch caterpillars eating the vegetative growth of the Georgia native Asclepias, Milkweed.

Monarchs are pretty darned picky about larval host plants.  The only plants that their caterpillars are able to feed on are the various species of Milkweed (Asclepias spp.).  Its great that folks are planting Milkweed for the Monarchs;  please plant as much Milkweed as you can. It's a beautiful plant, the caterpillars are fun to watch, and the butterflies are bound on an amazing voyage.  Its wonderful to have them use your yard for one leg of their thousands-mile journey.

Female Monarch Butterfly laying egg on Asclepias tuberosa.
Monarch-butterfly-chrysalis

But why stop at milkweed when there are lots of other butterflies and wildlife that would also benefit from you having host plants in your garden?

The Spicebush Swallowtail caterpillar takes a form of camouflage in which coloration and shape give the appearance of a green snake with lage, hooded eyes.
A Spicebush Swallowtail butterfly, Papilio troilus, feeds on the nectar of various flowers like the vivid orange blooms of Asclepias tuberosa, Butterflyweed.

Swallowtail caterpillar, Papilio polyxenes,  on Spicebush leaf, Lindera benzoinOn the right, a male and female Spicebush swallowtail are nectaring at a Butterflyweed, Asclepias tuberosa. They will not lay their eggs on this plant, thee butterflies drink nectar from many different flowers, but only use a few select plants to host their young. More info here.

Common Buckeye butterfly, Junonia coenia, feeds on the nectar of white flower clusters blooming on Narrowleaf Mountain Mint, Pycnanthemum tenuifolium.

Above is a Common Buckeye (Junonia coenia) nectaring on Narrowleaf Mountain Mint.  We also find them nectaring on Marshallia species as well as other white and pale pink flowers.

Common Buckeye larvae are hosted on plants in several families, including Petunias or Ruellia, Plantains or Plantago family, Scrophulariaceae or Snapdragon family, and Veronica or Veronicaceae.  More information about the needs of Buckeyes here.

Cloudless Sulphur (Colias philodice) larvae use Cassia and Senna species in the Pea or Fabiaceae family.  In the photo on the right, a Cloudless Sulphur is nectaring on a Cardinal Flower, Lobelia cardinalis. It is one of the few butterflies with a proboscis long enough to nectar on the long and tubular Cardinal Flower.  Most species of Sulphur butterflies use various other species of the legume family or crucifer family as larval host plants.  Link to Sulphur host plant information here.

Lobelia_cardinalis_29

American Painted Lady (Vanessa virginiensis) below, is nectaring on Georgia Aster (Symphyotrichum georgianum.)  American Painted Lady and Painted Lady larvae use Antennaria and several other genera as larval host plants.  In fact, the Painted Lady uses 300 different plants as larval host plants.  Below on the left an American Painted Lady (Vanessa virginiensis) is laying eggs on Field Pussytoes (Antennaria neglecta.)  Below right an American Painted Lady caterpillar is chowing down on Pussytoes (Antennaria plantaginifolia) in our nursery.    The Pussytoes came back good as new in a couple of weeks, no harm done.  A link to Red Admiral (Painted Lady) Butterfly information is here. 

Vanessa virginiensis
The Painted Lady caterpillar, Vanessa virginiensis, on a Plantainleaf Pussytoes, Antennaria plantaginifolia, is now mature enough to enter the chrysalis or pupa stage.

Create a space and place for wonder in your backyard by planting butterfly and wildlife habitat.  Planting a diverse collection of butterfly host species ensures that your garden is graced with the flutter of bright wings, and diversity generally helps provide a welcoming space for other wildlife such as native birds and bees.

More detailed larval host information can be found at the HOST database.  You must use the Latin binomial of the butterfly or plant you are investigating in the search fields.

================================================================

*safe = no neonicotinoids.  Please note plants treated with neonicotinoid pesticides will kill caterpillars; caterpillars are one of the targets of these pesticides.  Neonics have been implicated in butterfly population declines, songbird population declines and bee population declines. Please see our blog post "Dear Gardener" for links to articles by the science community.  There are also a lot of good articles at the Xerces website.

Please read labels.  Some common commercial names of these chemicals  are: imidacloprid, acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, nithiazine, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam.